LAD 32

The Kellogg-Braind Peace Pact was a treaty that was negotiated partially by the Secretary of State Kellogg and ratified president Herbert Hoover. It was a peace agreement between the US and several other nations including Australia, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Britain, India, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, South Africa, Poland, Belgium, and Japan. Many countries were involved because it was intended to be a world-wide treaty. It was declared to be open until other nations signed it making it globally comprehensive. Basically, the Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact made nations promise that they wouldn't use war as an instrument of their foreign policy, that solutions could be reached peacefully and that war was not the way to pursue national interest. By creating such a pact they hoped to avoid another war, still trying to recover from The Great War's destruction. The treaty was said to "promote the welfare of mankind" through "peaceful and friendly relations." While a rather pathetic crack at world peace, at least they tried..

LAD #31

The fourteen points was a speech delivered by Presient Woodrow Wilson in 1918 after the Great War. Wilson’s Fourteen Points calls for peace and an international policy of openness. It was also intended to assure the country that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe. The Fourteen Points are as followed: 1. Calls for public diplomacy, Freedom of navigation of the seas, Equality of trade conditions,No farther build up of armies, Adjustment of all colonial claims, Evacuation of all Russian territories, Restore Belgium, Sovereignty for all French territories, Readjustment of the frontiers of Italy, Autonomous development for the peoples of Austria-Hungary, Evacuation of Rumania, Serbia, and Montenegro, Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations, Erection of a sovereign polish state, A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity

LAD 30

Charles Schneck was the Secretary of the Socialist Party of America and he was passing out papers and mailing papers that were agaisnt the draft and discouraged the war. These had phrases like "dont give in to intimidation" written on them and the government was unfuriated because he was discouraging the war. The government then arrested him and said that his actions violated the Espionage Act of 1917 and he sued. He then lost and appealed his way to the supreme court. Schneck then lost the case because although the first ammendment gaurenteed freedom of speach, the Supreme court ruled that during a time of war certain things were intolerable and if they caused direct danger to people then it was a criminal act. The "clear and present danger" that was depicted of Schnek's crime was what put Schneck in jail and set a precedent for other people protesting the war openly. It also did create a warning flag in society for socialism because the socialist party was growing very rapidly.

Lad 29

The world today is in a very serious situation. Two places that are in particular trouble are Turkey and Greece. In the case of the later, it can not survive without our aid. I believe that the American people wish to help Greece, as the war completely devastated that country and it has been unable to rebuild because of a militant minority. Greece can not deal with this problem itself and needs our help. The government is not perfect but none is. Another country that needs our help is Turkey, although it did not suffer the destruction of war. The United States needs to help Turkey and support our way of life. We are helped in this role by the United Nations. America has complained to the United Nations in order to support several oppressed countries that were not given a choice of how to live. We must support these countries or they will collapse. Therefore, I am asking Congress to assistance to Greece and Turkey in the amount of $400,000,000. We have invested much in a better world, and this small amount is absolutely necessary to protect our investment. We have been great responsiblities and if we falter in our leadership, the world will suffer.

LAD 28

I believe that this country will pull through this dark time, as it always has done in the past. Our country is facing many problems, including lack of markets for goods, increasing taxes, and falling wages. There is also significant unemployment. Yet, these problems are not insurmountable. There are mainly the fault of the leaders and rulers stubbornness and incompetence. The money changers are only concerned with themselves and have no vision. Money should not be given out, but earned. Material wealth should not be the measure of success. The nation wants immediate action. We must get people working and the government can help. We must help farmers by raising cost of agricultural products. There must be a sound currency, there should be oversight of banking and credit, and there should be no speculation with other people’s money. I shall send this proposal to Congress. The emergency at home must be solved before we look abroad. Only by working together can we solve our problems. I am willing to do my best to help the country, but I will not abuse my Constitutional powers and hope that the balance between the branches will be kept. If Congress will not act, I will ask for special war powers to fight this emergency. The people have elected me because they want action and leadership. I hope God helps me fulfill these expectations.

LAD 27

This act which is still successfully used today marked the commencement of government activism. Previous to the Clayton Anti-Trust Act big businesses were free to monopolize, discriminate, as well as use corrupt policies. This was in large part due to our governements economic policy of Laissez-Faire. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act had been enacted but not strictly enforced, which is why the Clayton Anti-Trust Act was put into place in October of 1914. It stopped price discrimination as well as prohibit a sole person from being the head of more than one company. All of these restrictions worked together to ensure competition between businesses giving the consumer the benefit of the doubt.